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Harold Mark McClelland (November 4, 1893 – November 19, 1965)〔. Retrieved on November 15, 2009.〕 was a United States Air Force (USAF) major general who is considered the father of Air Force communications.〔Air Force Network Integration Center. ("Foundation Setters". ) Retrieved on November 15, 2009.〕 He founded and led the 19th Bombardment Group in the early 1930s, commanded Rockwell Field for a year then was groomed for higher leadership, becoming the inspector for the General Headquarters Air Force (GHQ) in 1937. Between 1934 and 1938, McClelland researched the technical and logistical aspects of long-range air communications, an effort which resulted in the establishment of the Army Airways Communications System.〔 Following this, he worked in the Operations and Training Division of the War Department General Staff, and served as chief of the Aviation division. During World War II, McClelland organized the largest communications system the world had yet seen.〔 McClelland, rated a command pilot, served as the chief of communications for the Central Intelligence Agency in the early 1950s.〔Montague, Ludwell Lee. ''General Walter Bedell Smith as director of central intelligence, October 1950 – February 1953,'' p. 100. Penn State Press, 1992. ISBN 0-271-00750-8〕 In the USAF, an award is given annually in McClelland's name, for excellence in large unit communications.〔 ==Early career== Harold Mark McClelland was born in Tiffin, Iowa, in 1893. His siblings included two sisters and a younger brother, Herbert.〔 McClelland graduated from Kansas State Agricultural College with a bachelor of science degree in 1916. He was commissioned as a regular second lieutenant August 18, 1917 and was promoted to first lieutenant at the same time.〔 McClelland was assigned successively to the Army service schools at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. His electronics-minded brother Herbert "Mac" McClelland was attending nearby Kansas State and the two young men built the first radio transmitter at the college in 1918, stringing an antenna from the Physics building to a water tower. The station 9YV transmitted in Morse code, and may have broadcast the first regularly scheduled weather reports in the U.S.〔McClelland Sound (History: 1920–1930. ) Retrieved on January 14, 2010.〕 On November 19, 1918, McClelland joined the 48th Infantry at Norfolk, Virginia.〔 Detailed to the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps, McClelland earned his wings by attending ground school at the University of Texas, flying gunnery and advanced fighter courses at Rockwell Field in San Diego, California. Then followed an assignment at Roosevelt Field, New York, and in December 1918, he became commandant of training, commanding officer of the cadet detachment and assistant engineering officer at Love Field, Dallas, Texas.〔 In July 1919, McClelland was stationed at London, England as assistant aviation officer, Headquarters of the Provisional District of Great Britain, at the rank of captain. In September, with fellow Air Service pilot Lieutenant Colonel James E. Chaney, he was made an honorary member of the Royal Aero Club of the UK.〔''Flight'', September 18, 1919. (The Royal Aero Club of the United Kingdom: Official Notices to Members. ) Retrieved on January 2, 2010.〕 He also saw service in England with the U.S. Army Liquidation Mission,〔 and collected some advanced "voice radio" equipment from France to take back home for a demonstration in Manhattan.〔 McClelland sailed from London aboard the RMS ''Saxonia'' as an unmarried member of the ship's crew, arriving in New York on December 1, 1920.〔The Statue of Liberty – Ellis Island Foundation. (Passenger Harold M. McClelland. ) Retrieved on January 14, 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harold M. McClelland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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